Deforming arthrosis (osteoarthritis) is a progressive pathology, leading to degeneration and degeneration of the articular surfaces and the defeat of the cartilage, until its complete destruction in the joint.
Deforming arthrosis usually detected in elderly and senile age, when there are concomitant factors and diseases, often revealed by surveys, but does not manifest itself clinically.
Deforming arthrosis is the most frequent and common pathology of the joints. It is found in 70% of all diseases of the joints.
Reasons
The exact cause of deforming arthrosis on today is not clear, but highlighted some of the factors that significantly increase the probability of its development. First of all, it is a common aging and degenerative phenomena in the tissues, changes of cartilage and joint bags.
Factors, influencing the development of osteoarthritis can be divided into:
- external - these include overload of the joints (for example, due to weight lifting), permanent injury, professional effects, hypothermia joints,
- internal is the influence of heredity with stretched ligaments and joints, dysfunction of the ovaries and menopausal changes in women, vascular accident, violation of blood circulation in the tissues of the cartilage, obesity.
Deforming arthrosis, as one of the symptoms can be alcoholism or myxedema, acromegaly or treatment with hormones, congenital hip dislocation, Marfan syndrome (a hereditary disease characterized by excessive mobility of joints and lengthening of the bones). immobility of the joint)
Stages of development
In the development of deforming arthrosis there are a number of natural successive stages, successive:
- reducing watery the cartilage, which leads to its thinning and drying
- the formation in the cartilage defects and cracks,
- the destruction of the cartilage with simultaneous sharp narrowing of the articular space,
- the disappearance of the cartilage with bone edges
- compensatory seal the ends of the bones that are left without a cartilage surface,
- malfunction of joints from sprains, fractures and malfunction of the limbs.
Symptoms of deforming arthrosis
First of all, the main manifestation of deforming arthrosis is
- pain in joints, worse after exercise or at night
- affects individual joints,
- the affected joints are not symmetrical,
- while there are no manifestations of joint damage,
- no fever,
- there is a strong redness of the joints,
- there are no changes in the analyses.
The process often occurs in the knee, hip and phalangeal joint.
If the disease progresses to the point of destruction of cartilage, pain occurs blockade joint, when walking develops severe pain that does not move the legs and makes you stop. This happens because getting into the joint cavity of pieces of cartilage or small bone fragments (joint "mice").
In the joints at the phalanges arise tie-dye, a very solid education, and the joints are not severely deformed, the muscles do not undergo atrophy, there is immobility of the joint.
Inside the joints when moving or hear the crunch due to friction of rough surfaces against each other.
Because pain and mobility limitations can form contractures (muscle contractions), which shortens the leg or arm.
Deforming arthrosis in its manifestations similar to various forms of arthritis in the first place it is necessary to distinguish from rheumatoid arthritis.
Diagnosis
Typical criteria for the diagnosis of deforming arthrosis exists, it can be externally recognizable only by the nodes on the phalanges. Suspected osteoarthritis occurs when:
- the typical lesions of joints,
- long-term development of the disease for many years,
- advanced age of the patient.
The basis of diagnostics is radiological data that occurs before the period of clinical manifestations and pain.
Evident narrowing of the joint space, changes with flattening and deformity of the joint surfaces, instability in the joint with dislocations and subluxations, noticeable regional growth bones osteosclerosis (excessive increase of bone density).
As the progression of the process revealed bony spikes and bumps, the joint space may become wedge-shaped.
Complements the study of arthroscopy, a study of blood with no signs of inflammation.
It is necessary to conduct studies periarticular fluid.
Treatment of deforming arthrosis
The same symptoms can be signs of different diseases, and the disease can occur not textbook. Do not try to be treated yourself — consult your doctor.
Treatment involved traumatologists and orthopedists.
Methods of treatment of deforming arthrosis depend on the degree of involvement in the process of the joints, as well as the duration of the lesion and the presence of pain.
First of all, use conservative therapy
- reducing stress on the joints
- weight loss
- the use of metabolites of course aloe, Humisol or vitreous intramuscular courses
- apply a stimulant of cartilage repair in the intramuscular injection rates.
Supplements treatment
- the use of drugs,
- anti-inflammatory therapy.
If there is inflammation in the joint, shows a course of hormones – hydrocortisone inside of the joint.
Also used a range of massages, physiotherapeutic effect, mud, heat. Helpful Spa treatment.
In advanced cases helps surgical treatment – arthroplasty. In the future, shows the unloading of the joint, reduction of body weight, walking with a support cane or crutches, physical therapy.
Forecast
Deforming arthrosis without proper treatment is a slow but steadily progressive course. Leads to disability, and significant dysfunction of the joints and impaired movement. Therefore, when you encounter the first signs of osteoarthritis are shown active therapy courses lasting 1-2 months.